Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bosnia and Herzegovina is a republic in south-eastern Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula, bounded on the north and west by Croatia, and on the east and south by Serbia & Montenegro. Bosnia and Herzegovina (often referred to simply as Bosnia) has a territory of 51,129 sq km (19,741 sq mi). Formerly a constituent republic of Yugoslavia, Bosnia and Herzegovina declared its independence in March 1992. Civil war then broke out among the country’s Muslims, Croats, and Serbs (see Wars of Yugoslav Succession). At the end of the war, in 1995, Serbs controlled 49 percent of the territory, in an area known as the Serb Republic; the remaining territory, known as the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, was controlled by a federation of Muslims and Croats. The Muslim-Croat federation and the Serb Republic together constitute the republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina.